FDCPAViolations.org

Home › FDCPA damages and deadline

Fair Debt Collection Practices Act

FDCPA damages and the 1-year deadline

The FDCPA gives you the right to sue a collector that breaks it, even if you do owe the debt. The deadline is short, and it doesn't wait for you to find out.

What you can recover (§ 1692k)

  1. Actual damages: money you lost, and in many courts emotional distress caused by the violation.
  2. Statutory damages up to $1,000 per lawsuit, which don't require proof of financial loss.
  3. Court costs and reasonable attorney fees, paid by the collector if you win. That's why many consumer attorneys take FDCPA cases without charging you up front.

In a class action, statutory damages for the class are capped at the lesser of $500,000 or 1% of the collector's net worth.

Owing the debt doesn't cancel the violation. The FDCPA is about how collectors behave. A collector that calls at 10 p.m. or threatens arrest has violated the law whether or not the debt is valid.

One year, from the violation

An FDCPA lawsuit must be filed within one year from the date of the violation. (§ 1692k(d)) The Supreme Court held in Rotkiske v. Klemm (2019) that the clock generally starts when the violation happens, not when you discover it.

For ongoing conduct, each call or letter can be its own violation with its own date. Still, if a collector has crossed the line, talk to an attorney promptly while your call log and letters are fresh.

The collector's main defense

A collector can avoid liability if it shows the violation was an unintentional, bona fide error despite procedures reasonably designed to avoid it. (§ 1692k(c)) Repeated or deliberate conduct usually doesn't fit that defense, which is another reason to keep a detailed log.

State law may add more

Many states have their own debt collection laws with separate remedies. The Texas Debt Collection Act, for example, can apply to original creditors and has its own deadlines. An attorney can tell you which laws apply to your situation.

Three ways to get this fixed

Everything on this site you can do yourself, for free. If you'd rather have help, pick the path that fits.

Have it handled for you

BCR Consulting prepares and sends disputes on your behalf and tracks every deadline.

See BCR Consulting

Do it yourself, with software

The Deletion Machine walks you through disputes step by step and keeps your paper trail organized.

See The Deletion Machine

Talk to a consumer attorney

If a violation cost you a loan, a job, or an apartment, or it keeps happening, a consumer attorney can tell you what the claim is worth.

Find an attorney (NACA)

Not sure which? Tell us what happened.

Please don't include your Social Security number or full account numbers. Sending this doesn't create an attorney-client relationship; BCR Consulting is not a law firm.

More guides

Is the debt also showing up wrong on your credit report? See FCRAViolations.com for your rights under the Fair Credit Reporting Act.